Castro Valley sold for $400,000 worth of
gambling debts!
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Castro Valley was part of the original 28,000 acre (110 km²) land
grant given to Don Guillermo Castro, called Rancho San Lorenzo. This land grant
included Hayward, San Lorenzo, and Castro Valley, including Crow
Canyon, Cull Canyon, and Palomares Canyons.
Don Guillermo Castro - The San Lorenzo Land
Grant
Don Guillermo was born in California, then a
Mexican possession in 1810. The son of Don Carlos Castro of Las Lagas Rancho.
His birthplace was located near the village of Coyote in Santa Clara County
along what is now highway 101.A career soldier, he served in the Mexican army
as a lieutenant of militia at the pueblo of San Jose. In 1838, he was listed as
a surveyor of government lands in San Jose, and it is about this time he
acquired his land grant, roughly 28,000 acres, then known as Rancho San
Lorenzo. This land included those areas we now identify has Hayward, San
Lorenzo, Castro Valley, as well as Cull, Crow and Palomares canyons. The
sprawling grant encompassed about 41 square miles. Castro had by then married
Luisa Peralta of the San Antonio Rancho, then located in East Oakland. By the
time he was 28 years old, Castro was the father of seven children. Acquiring
clear ownership of the land, often given as a reward for good service, was
relatively simple. A request was made in writing to the governor describing the
land as clearly as possible and submitting a map of the area. The grantee was
required to build a home, and engage in either cattle or agricultural
development. As a wedding gift, Guillermo and Luisa received 300 prime steers.
He soon added 4,000 sheep and 500 horses which grazed on the rich grasses in
our valley. Don Guillermo built an Adobe home where Hayward's Old City Hall now
sits on Mission Blvd. The foundations of this home were unearthed during
excavations for the building of city hall.
A Personal Failing
In spite of his magnificent holdings and
connections, Don Guillermo fell prey to a weakness for gambling. Selling off
portions of his lands to pay gambling debts and mortgaging his property finally
cost him his Rancho. Eventually, his debts culminated in a sheriff's sale in
1864. A wealthy New Englander, Faxon Dean Atherton, bought the remaining acres
for $400,000. He and his family's name lives on in the San Mateo community of
Atherton.
During the 1940s and 1950s, Castro Valley was known for its chicken ranches.
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